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Is the transformer a motor? Most people are wrong! Let me take you into the world of motors!

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Is the transformer a motor? Most people are wrong! Let me take you into the world of motors!

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2019/04/12 11:07

Are you all sorts of different types of motors? Let me introduce you to the type of motor and its role!

The motor is a machine that uses the principle of electromagnetic induction. It is widely used, has a wide variety of functions, has different performances, and has many classification methods. According to the function, the motor can be divided into generators, motors and transformers. Therefore, it is necessary to describe the devices on which the motors are used.

The function of the generator is to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy;

The function of the motor is to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy;

The function of the transformer is to change the magnitude of the AC voltage, that is, convert AC power of one voltage level into AC power of another voltage level of the same frequency.

Except that the transformer is a stationary motor, all other motors are rotating motors. According to the nature of the power supply, the rotary motor is divided into two major categories: AC motor and DC motor. AC motors are divided into synchronous motors and asynchronous motors. The synchronous motor is mainly used as a generator, and the asynchronous motor is mainly used as a motor. The motor classification can be summarized as follows:

Motor use

The motor occupies a very important position in the power system, and the production, transmission and use of electric energy are inseparable from the motor.

Synchronous generators are the main equipment for power generation in power plants;

A transformer is a key device for transmitting electrical energy and distributing electrical energy;

Asynchronous and DC motors are the main power equipment that consumes electrical energy and drives various production machinery.

First, the transformer

In power plants, the voltage generated by the generator is generally 6.3 -27kV. In order to reduce the energy loss in long-distance transmission lines, high-voltage transmission should be used. The transmission voltage is 110kV, 220kV, 500kV or higher. The voltage rise to the transmission voltage needs to be completed by the step-up transformer, so for the transformer, the high-voltage transmission line is required to use a large-capacity transformer for boosting and stepping down.

Second, the AC motor

Asynchronous motor

Asynchronous motors are three-phase and single-phase. Most modern production machines are driven by three-phase asynchronous motors. For example, in power plants, boilers, such as pumps, fans, and ball mills, and auxiliary equipment for steam turbines are mostly driven by three-phase asynchronous motors. Single-phase asynchronous motors are often used in various light electric equipment such as power tools, household appliances, medical equipment, and agricultural machinery.

In industrial production, various metal cutting machine tools, cranes, forging presses, conveyor belts and other production machinery are also widely used to drive:

Asynchronous motors can be used in such a wide range of applications because of their simple structure, ease of manufacture, reliable operation, low price and high efficiency. Therefore, asynchronous motors are often found in some low-voltage equipment.

2. Synchronous motor

The synchronous motor is also an AC motor, and the synchronous motor is mainly used as a generator. Alternating currents in power grids are almost always generated by synchronous generators in power plants, so synchronous motors are widely used in high-voltage motors.

Compared with asynchronous motors, synchronous stators and their electromagnetic properties are identical (the stator three-phase AC windings, the winding induced electromotive force, and the magnetomotive force generated by the windings are all the same). However, the rotors of the two are quite different. The main features of the synchronous generator rotor are:

1 The rotor winding is externally applied with a DC excitation current to generate a constant magnetic field;

2 The rotor speed is the same as the rotating magnetic field of the stator, that is, the rotor and stator magnetic fields are strictly synchronized.

It is therefore called a synchronous motor. From the operating principle, the synchronous motor can be used not only as a generator but also as a motor or camera.

Third, DC motor

A DC motor is a device that converts mechanical energy and DC power. The DC motor is reversible and can be operated as a generator or as a motor. Early DC power supplies were mainly derived from DC generators. For example, DC power generators are used for DC power supplies required for electroplating, electro-metallurgy, etc., and exciters for synchronous generators. In recent years, due to the rapid development of power electronics technology, DC power sources are mainly derived from thyristor rectifier power supplies. DC motors have excellent speed control performance, starting performance and braking performance, and are therefore widely used in electric locomotives, rolling mills, machine tools, winches and lifting equipment, especially in high-precision, high-performance electric drive systems. DC motors are widely used. Compared with AC motors, DC motors have commutators, which are complicated in structure, high in cost, inconvenient to maintain, and have poor reliability, especially commutation problems, which limits their development and application. In recent years, with the increasing maturity of AC speed regulation technology, the speed regulation performance of AC motors can be comparable to DC motors, resulting in the tendency of DC motors to be replaced by AC motors.

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